Health Telematics (AIM) Final Report
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Updated: Feb 1, 97 

MENELAS

An Access System for Medical Records Using Natural Language

Project Code:  A2023
Project value:  3411 KECU
EC contribution:  2080 KECU
No of partners:  12
No of countries:  4
Duration:  36 months
Contact:
Pierre Zweigenbaum
DIAM - SIM/AP-HP
91, bd de l'Hopital
F-75634 Paris Cedex 13, France
Tel.: +33 01 45 83 67 28
Fax: +33 01 45 86 80 68 / 01 45 86 56 85
E-mail: pz@biomath.jussieu.fr
url : http://www.biomath.jussieu.fr/~pz/Menelas/

Overview

In existing Hospital Information Systems the most relevant information is stored in narrative form in Patient Discharge Summaries. MENELAS it's concerned with the treatment of free text, written in natural language, in order to have it easily retrieved, coded, translated, matched and use for any type of clinical purpose, from follow up of treatment to statistical and epidemiologic applications.

Purpose and objectives

Experience of existing Hospital Information's Systems highlights the fact that most relevant medical information is stored in narrative form, in Patient Discharge Summaries (PDSs). These PDSs aim at the transmission of the minimal but sufficient set of data to be used for the next visit of the patient. The two main goals MENELAS contributes to are to (i) Provide better account of and better access to medical information (PDSs) through natural languages in order to help physicians in their daily practice, and to (ii) Enhance European Co-operation by multi-lingual access to standardised medical nomenclatures.

The basis of the project is the design and implementation of a pilot system able to access medical reports through natural languages. This system is able to analyse the contents of medical reports and to store them in a database as a set of conceptual structures; these structures, which may be seen as the core representation of the narrative, may then be consulted to retrieve any specific information contained in the PDS. An index is also produced according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9-CM). Reliance on international nomenclatures will allow information to be exchanged between PDSs written in different European languages. In the project, the partners have addressed the processing of French, English and Dutch PDSs.

Results

The major achievements of MENELAS are the realisation of its two functional systems, Indexing System (with three instances: French, English and Dutch) and Consultation System. The function of the Indexing System is to encode free text PDSs into both an internal representation (a set of conceptual structures) and international nomenclature codes.

A set of components, tools, knowledge bases and methods has also been produced by the project. They include: Language analysis components for French, English and Dutch; an Index generator component parameterised for ICD-9-CM; Information retrieval components; Linguistic knowledge bases; Medical knowledge bases; A methodology for developing ontologies; and System administrator tools.

A first reuse of the MENELAS prototype is taking place at Lille, in Northern France, within the framework of the AIM integration project ISAR . From an experimental point of view the objective is to study the transferability of the MENELAS knowledge bases to another hospital site, and the integration of the system in a different environment. Additionally, a new interface to the system was developed using WWW technology.

A core of project partners, in collaboration with partners from other consortia of both the health care and the language engineering Telematics Community Programmes, have jointly launched a feasibility study, including a market analysis, which has identified how MENELAS-like systems can be integrated into the electronic document processing flow of hospitals. The analysis of user needs, performed by project DOME in hospitals of four European countries, shows that there is a demand for advanced services such as MENELAS-style natural language processing tools can provide, and which help in the daily use and management of the health care record. It has also stressed the importance of integrating natural language processing technology in the context of a hypermedia view of the patient record.

List of Deliverables

Year 1

  • Hypercard mock-up of the system and specifications (4/R/R)
  • Applicative interface specifications (7/S/I)
  • Information retrieval component version 1 (9/T-R/I)
  • Syntactic analysis component for French version 1 (9/T-R/R)
  • Syntactic analysis component for English version 1 (12/T-R/R)

    Year 2

  • Syntactic analysis component for Dutch version 1 (2/T-R/R)
  • Natural language analysis system (3/T-R/I)
  • System management tools version 1 (6/T-R/I)
  • Linguistic and medical knowledge bases (7/R/P)
  • Implementation of prototype system and results (8/P-R/I
  • Specifications for pilot system (9/S/I)
  • Natural language information extraction from PDS (12/T-R/R)

    Year 3

  • Applicative Q/A for pilot system (3/T-R/R)
  • MENELAS system and user documentation (5/P-R/R)
  • Report on evaluation of pilot applications running in two hospital departments (9/R/P)
  • Evaluation of porting to another medical domain (10/R/R)
  • Final report (12/R/P)

    List of Participants

    Dr. Mark T. Keane
    Trinity College Dublin
    Computer Science
    IRL-Dublin 2, Ireland
    Tel.: +353-1-702.15.34
    Fax: +353-1-77.22.04
    E-mail: mkeane@cs.tcd.ie
    Mr. Brendan Mcallister
    Irish Medical Systems
    18 Avoca Avenue
    Blackrock
    IRL-CO. Dublin, Ireland
    Tel.: +353-1-288.44.54
    Fax: +353-1-283.29.89
    E-mail: brendan.mcallister@eurokom.ie
    Dr. Jos. L. Willems
    K.U.L. Gasthuisberg
    Div. Medical Informatics
    Herestraat 49
    B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
    Tel.: +32-16-21.38.01
    Fax: +32.16-21.37.96
    E-mail: fekaa01@blekul11
    Mr. Antoine Ogonowski
    GSI/ERLI - ILN
    1 Place des Marseillais
    F-94227 Charenton, France
    Tel.: +33-1-48.93.81.21
    Fax: +33-1-43.75.79.79
    Mr. Thierry Guillotin
    IBM France S.A.
    Natural Language Dept.
    3 & 5 Place Vendome
    F-75021 Paris Cedex 01, France
    Tel.: +33-1-40.15.53.53
    Fax: +33-1-42.60.99.75
    E-mail: guilloti@fribm11.bitnet
    Dr. Marc Moens
    Human Communication
    Research Centre
    HCRC Language Technology Group
    4 Buccleuch Place
    Edinburgh EH8 9LW, U.K.
    Tel.: +44-31-650.44.27
    Fax: +44-31-650.45.87
    E-mail: marc@cogsi.ed.ac.uk

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